St Bede, St Boniface and the Anglo Saxons

Fr Brendan Thomas • May 26, 2019

Monastic History in Glass and Stone (4)

How the Chapel of St Benedict, in its stained glass and carving tells us something of the whole history of Benedictine Monasticism, the importance of the English Church, and the place of Belmont in this story.

Anglo Saxon England would produce two of the greatest monastic saints: the much-loved saint of the cloister, the Venerable Bede (673-735), and the energetic missionary and martyr monk, St Boniface (c.675-754).

Bede had joined Benet Biscop’s new monastery of Jarrow, but while he was very young, in 686, it was hit by a plague and only he and Coelfrith, the abbot, survived. They sang the services together in the choir. Bede, who passed almost the whole of his life at the monastery, became a model of monastic stability and learning. He wrote that ‘amid the observance of monastic discipline and the daily charge of singing in the church, my delight has always been in learning, teaching and writing.’

In his writings Bede shared his love of the Scriptures, but we most remember him most for the work he holds up for us to see in the stained-glass window: his Ecclesiastical History of the English People ( Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum ). As the Father of English History, he gave the English people (the ‘ gens anglorum’ - he was the first person to use the phrase) a sense of their own history, a sense of their own selves, and of how they were unified in Christ.

Everyone seems to love Bede: David Knowles described him as ‘simple, sane, loyal, trusting, warm-hearted’ (David Knowles, Saints and Scholars , p.17). It seems incredible that just over a hundred years after the faith was first preached to his forebears, Bede could be such a great exemplar of Christian and monastic culture and Dante could include him amongst the greats in heaven.

Boniface, the missionary monk who became the Apostle of Germany, provides such a contrast to Bede. Born in Crediton, Devon, he became a monk and first was a successful teacher and preacher. But he soon opted for the missionary life, even refusing the office of Abbot of his monastery, Nursling in Hampshire. He went to Rome and was commissioned by Gregory II to preach the Gospel north of the Alps. He worked tirelessly to establish the Church in Germany and reform the Frankish Church, encouraging the adoption of St Benedict’s Rule. From this time mention of other rules begins to disappear and the Rule of St Benedict becomes known simply as `the Rule’, or ‘the Holy Rule’. Approaching the age of eighty Boniface was killed by a gang of pagans while awaiting to confirm some converts. The stained glass shows the saint pierced through by the sword of his martyrdom, holding the Gospel Book in self-defence.

It was the judgment of Christopher Dawson that Boniface had a deeper influence on the history of Europe than any other Englishman. But Boniface was not alone in this endeavour: he was just one of a wave of Anglo-Saxon missionaries to the Continent including St Willibrord in Friesland, St Amand in Belgium and St Anscar in Sweden.

Bede and Boniface between them represent the richness of monastic life in England, but also a tension between the cloister and the mission, the desert and the market-place. It is a tension that would produce fierce debate in the English Congregation as it re-established monastic life in Britain after the Reformation. Cardinal Basil Hume summed it up well: ‘The tension between the two is a constant in the whole monastic tradition, and monastic history is a commentary on that tension. Should we be in the desert, withdrawn, or should we be in the market place, involved?’ Cardinal Basil Hume OSB, Searching for God, p.30.

The Poet Malcolm Guite has written a sonnet in celebration of St Bede that picks up on the words of St Bede,
written in gold lettering over his tomb in Durham Cathedral, which translates as:


Christ is the morning star who when the night of this world is past
brings to his saints the promise of the light of life
& opens everlasting day.


I kneel above your bones and read your words.

Church-Latin letters, shimmering in gold,

A kingdom-glimmer through the dark and cold,

A revelation gleaming on the shards

Of all our broken lives and promises.

Christus est stella matutina

Qui nocte saeculi transacta

Christ is the morning star. He promises

The light of life when this dark night is past…

Lucem vitae sanctis promittit

You speak for all his Wounded witnesses,

The morning star will shine on us at last.

Scholar and saint, illuminate the way

That opens into everlasting day.

https://malcolmguite.wordpress.com/2013/05/22/a-sonnet-for-the-venerable-bede/


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Bishop Mark Jabalé OSB RIP Given at his funeral by Dom Alexander Kenyon Baby Jean Pierre (Mark) Jabale was born on October 16th, 1933, in Alexandria, Egypt. As he said, himself, his background could be considered “cosmopolitan”: his father was Lebanese / French and his Mother, British / Greek / French. He also reminded people that he wasn’t Egyptian. Through his mother, Arlette, he was related to St. Jean Vianney, so it was, perhaps, no surprise that he followed in his priestly footsteps. His father, Jean, was MD of Fiat and Simca cars Europe and, maybe surprisingly or not, he did love a car – not, however, Italian cars, but German; he loved his Audis. Perhaps we should begin today by remembering his mother and father, his brothers Christian and Paul and his nieces, here today, Aline and Nathalie and Isabelle and their families – they were so dear to him and he to them and I know they miss him enormously. Young Jean wanted to join the Navy and came to England, to Belmont Abbey school but the Lord had other ideas – he ended up joining the rather land locked monastery, our dear, late Fr. Raymund opining that he wouldn’t last a month. After a rather uninspiring course of priestly studies (his words, not mine) he studied for a Licentiate in French literature in Fribourg, then a Dip Ed at Strawberry Hill and played Rugby there – the Papist Witch Doctor as he was affectionately known. Teaching followed, at Belmont, Housemaster, acting Headmaster, then to Alderwasley, our prep school in Derbyshire as Headmaster, and then back to Belmont soon after as Headmaster. In 1983 he went to Peru to build our first monastery there only to realise there was little money. So, he returned to the UK to put in a stint of fundraising with his usual zeal and determination. With his mission accomplished he was asked by Abbot Alan to return to Belmont as his prior in 1986 – Peru remained close to his heart. In 1993 he was elected Abbot. In his time as Abbot, he had to preside over the closure of the school, necessary but no less painful for him. In 2000 he was appointed coadjutor Bishop of Menevia and succeeded Bishop Mullins in 2001. He retired as Ordinary in 2008 and “retired” to Chipping Norton as parish priest, then Hendon, saying Mass for the nuns and helping with confirmations. After a spell at Archbishop’s House, Westminster, living with his great friend Cardinal Nichols, he came home to Belmont – it was as though he had never been away and he loved being back in the monastery, particularly praying the Office with the community. That’s the list, of sorts, but it doesn’t really say “who” he was. I haven’t mentioned his outstanding contribution to rowing – the 1979 coxless, lightweight four gold medal at the world championships in Bled, which almost didn’t happen as, at the last minute, he was told there was no money to send the crew. He begged, cajoled and got them there – the video footage of the final is compelling. He transformed Henley Royal Regatta, writing a computer programme for the race results – he was well ahead of his time. He coached the Oxford Boat, ran the Heads of the River Schools Regatta, and more. What an achievement from someone who had never sat in a boat but learned on the job, as he said, “from books, mainly”. It was his determination, his commitment, his love of people and his drive to share what he had that is, perhaps, one of the key things to celebrate about him. And it was underpinned by his rock-solid faith – nothing overly pious, nothing showy, but a faith and a love of the Lord built on granite. Even his occasional lack of patience (sorry Mark) extended to that faith; ‘why won’t God call me?”. At the risk of being irreverent my response was always “would you want you?”. But God did want him, and he knew it. God had a purpose for his Apostle during his life and he now rests with Him in eternity. His purpose was, simply, to bring the joy of the Lord into the lives of others, in many and varied ways. A few weeks before Mark died, Pope Francis died. When the late Pope was seriously ill the son of friends of mine who entertained Mark and I to lunch regularly, was distraught at overhearing mum and dad say the Pope may die. He couldn’t stop crying. “But darling”, they said, “you don’t know the Pope, why so very sad?”. “We do know him” came the reply, “it’s Mark”. “No, Mark isn’t the Pope”. “Oh, so when the Pope does die will Mark be Pope then?”. Mark loved that one. When Mark himself did die said son would only be pacified by picking flowers from the garden and bringing them to church for him. He wanted to show how much Mark meant to him and wanted to give a little something back. That is the real biography – a man loved, respected, a man who shared what he had, above all his faith, a man who touched so many lives and made them better.  Rest in peace our dear friend.
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